Lua Cheat Sheet

Here’s a Lua cheat sheet covering key aspects of the Lua programming language:

Hello World

print("Hello, Lua!")

Variables and Constants

-- Variables
local x = 10
local name = "John"

-- Constants
local PI = 3.14

Data Types

Primitive Types:

• number, string, boolean, nil

Tables:

local person = {name = "Alice", age = 30, isStudent = true}

Functions:

local function addNumbers(a, b)
    return a + b
end

Control Flow

if-else:

local x = 10
if x > 5 then
    print("Greater")
else
    print("Lesser")
end

for loop:

for i = 1, 5 do
    print(i)
end

while loop:

local i = 0
while i < 5 do
    print(i)
    i = i + 1
end

Functions

function greet(name)
    return "Hello, " .. name .. "!"
end

Tables

local fruits = {"apple", "orange", "banana"}
fruits[4] = "grape"

Nil and Default Values

local variable = nil
local defaultValue = variable or "default"

String Manipulation

local greeting = "Hello"
local name = "Alice"
local message = greeting .. ", " .. name .. "!"

Coroutines

local function myCoroutine()
    print("Coroutine started")
    coroutine.yield()
    print("Coroutine resumed")
end

local co = coroutine.create(myCoroutine)
coroutine.resume(co)

Modules

-- Module in "mymodule.lua"
local M = {}

function M.add(a, b)
    return a + b
end

return M

Usage:

local mymodule = require("mymodule")
print(mymodule.add(3, 4))

This cheat sheet covers some fundamental aspects of Lua. Lua is known for its simplicity and embeddability, often used in scripting and game development. For more detailed information, refer to the official Lua documentation.